Report: West Point Undergraduate Historical Review, Volume 010 (Spring 2020)
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Item Report: West Point Undergraduate Historical Review Volume 10 (Spring 2020)(West Point Press, 2020) Editing TeamReport is a non-profit publication produced by undergraduate cadets at the United States Military Academy. It accepts and encourages submissions from undergraduates in the fall and spring. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.Item Front Matter(West Point Press, 2020) Editing TeamThe Editorial Board would like to thank the faculty of the History Department for their submission recommendations, all the students who submitted papers, and Captain Louisa Koebrich for her advice and guidance on historical scholarship. Without their help, Report would not have been possible.Item Consequences Of Inadequacy: Russian Operational Failure At The Battle Of Liaoyang In The Russo-Japanese War(West Point Press, 2020) Polczynski, Drew"As negotiations between the Russian Empire and Japan foundered at the turn of the twentieth century, the two countries inched toward war. The Russian and Japanese governments had been locked in a power struggle over Manchuria and Korea, with the Russian Empire seeking to establish a warm-water base of operations in Korea. Japan interpreted the Russian effort to establish the port as an act of encroachment into their sphere of influence. War broke out when the Japanese attacked an anchored Russian fleet at Port Arthur..."Item The Hand Of The Chancellor: Otto Von Bismarck As The Primary Cause Of The Franco-Prussian War(West Point Press, 2020) Swanson, Robert"Lady Russell penned the following to Queen Victoria from Berlin, “the great Chancellor revels in the absolute power he has acquired and does as he pleases. He lives in the country and governs the German Empire without even taking the trouble to consult the Emperor about his plans…""Item Unenthusiastic Imperialism: William Mckinley And The Acquisition Of The Philippines In The Spanish-American War Of 1898(West Point Press, 2020) Curran, Desmond"In 1898 President William McKinley faced a choice that changed American history. Three years earlier, yet another Cuban insurrection for independence had broken out against their imperial ruler, Spain. Frustrated by the failure of the Captain-General of Cuba, Arsenio Martínez Campos, to quell the insurrection, the Spanish government sent General Valeriano Weyler to Cuba as his replacement. To combat the rebels, Weyler implemented a strategy to separate the rebels from their greatest resource: the general population.1 This plan marked the beginning of the now infamous reconcentración policy..."Item Conceiving The Marshall Plan: A Three-Part Study Of Motive Behind U.S. Development Policy(West Point Press, 2020) Bryan, Michael"Whilst the effect of the Marshall Plan is well-noted, there exists a wide range of interpretations as to what caused the United States to supply some $13.3 billion in aid to help rebuild Western European economies following the end of WWII. Three dominant schools have dominated the debate over the Marshall Plan’s intent: The realist, revisionist and ideological..."Item The Man Who Lost China: Chang Kai-Shek(West Point Press, 2020) Carter, Andrew"Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek went from being one of the most powerful men in the world, with control over the majority of the world’s largest population and control over armies totaling three million, to the dictator of Taiwan living in nearly constant fear that the country he had fought for since his twenties would invade his fiefdom. This fall from power occurred in just five years, from 1945-49.1 While clearly in the dominant position following the Japanese surrender, Chiang’s position was marred by a failing economy, an inefficient and corrupt government, a disloyal and logistically crippled army, and non-committal American allies..."