Browsing by Author "Korenman, Lisa M."
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Item Metadata only Adapting a memory framework (source monitoring) to the study of closure processes(Memory & Cognition, 2002-04) Foley, Mary Ann ; Foley, Hugh J. ; Korenman, Lisa M.The present experiments adapt a memory framework (source monitoring) to the study of closure processes. Closure processes are invoked as explanatory mechanisms underlying the ability to identify objects under conditions of incomplete visual information. If closure processes are activated, filling in missing pieces of visual information, intriguing memory predictions follow. When making source judgments about the way in which visual information was experienced initially (e.g., complete or incomplete in form), a particular kind of memory error should be evident. Incomplete visual information should be remembered as complete in form, and indeed, this error is observed. The present experiments test alternative interpretations for the initial reports of this memory error in the context of a search task modeled after the Where's Waldo? children's books. The effects of several new factors (e.g., familiarity) are reported, and alternative interpretations for the bias to report complete are eliminated. Findings, therefore, have implications for understanding the mechanisms of closure processes, as well as for the source-monitoring framework itself.Item Metadata only Adapting a memory framework (source monitoring) to the study of closure processes(Memory & Cognition, 2002) Foley, Mary Ann; Foley, Hugh J.; Korenman, Lisa M.The present experiments adapt a memory framework (source monitoring) to the study of closure processes. Closure processes are invoked as explanatory mechanisms underlying the ability to identify objects under conditions of incomplete visual information. If closure processes are activated, filling in missing pieces of visual information, intriguing memory predictions follow. When making source judgments about the way in which visual information was experienced initially (e.g., complete or incomplete in form), a particular kind of memory error should be evident. Incomplete visual information should be remembered as complete in form, and indeed, this error is observed. The present experiments test alternative interpretations for the initial reports of this memory error in the context of a search task modeled after the Where’s Waldo? children’s books. The effects of several new factors (e.g., familiarity) are reported, and alternative interpretations for the bias to report complete are eliminated. Findings, therefore, have implications for understanding the mechanisms of closure processes, as well as for the source-monitoring framework itself.Item Metadata only Cognitive deficits in children with gelastic seizures and hypothalamic hamartoma(Neurology, 2001-07-10) Frattali, C. M. ; Liow, K. ; Craig, G. H. ; Korenman, Lisa M. ; Makhlouf, F. ; Sato, S. ; Biesecker, L.G. ; Theodore, W. H.OBJECTIVE: To characterize the cognitive deficits in children with gelastic seizures and hypothalamic hamartoma and investigate the relationship of seizure severity to cognitive abilities. METHODS: Eight children with gelastic seizures and hypothalamic hamartoma completed a neuropsychological battery of standardized and age-normed tests, including the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery-Revised: Tests of Cognitive Ability, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III, and initial-letter word fluency measure. RESULTS: All children displayed cognitive deficits, ranging from mild to severe. Gelastic/complex partial seizure severity was correlated with broad cognitive ability standard scores (r = -0.79; r2 = 0.63; (F[1,6] = 10.28; p = 0.018]. Frequency of gelastic/complex partial seizures was also correlated with broad cognitive ability standard scores (r = -0.72; r2 = 0.52; F[1,6] = 6.44; p = 0.044). Significant intracognitive standard score differences were found, with relative weaknesses in long-term retrieval (mean = 64.1; SD = 13.3) and processing speed (mean = 67.7; SD = 21.6) and a relative strength in visual processing (mean = 97.6; SD = 12.8). Performance in visual processing differed from performance in long-term retrieval (p = 0.009) and processing speed (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with cognitive functions and affective/emotional states associated with conduction pathways of the hypothalamus involving cortical association areas and amygdala and hippocampal formation. These abnormalities can account for the prominent deficit found in integrating information in the processing of memories.Item Metadata only Gender Bias in Perceptions of Military Leaders: Hostile Sexism Moderates Men’s Evaluations of Faces(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-03-15) Wetzler, Elizabeth L.; Korenman, Lisa M.; Rylander, Stephen R.In this study, we examined the role of dispositional sexism in male service academy cadets' evaluations of military leadership potential for sexually dimorphic male and female faces, with a particular focus on the impact of hostile sexism. Male cadets (N = 224) rated eight pairs of masculinized and feminized faces on 14 characteristics relevant to Army leadership and completed a measure of hostile and benevolent sexism. We tested a 2 (sex of face: male, female) × 2 (gender of face: masculine, feminine) × 2 (type of sexism: hostile, benevolent) × 2 (level of sexism: low, high) mixed model ANOVA with the first two variables as within subjects and the last two variables as between subjects and using composite leadership potential ratings as the dependent variable. Results indicated a significant three-way interaction between sex of face, gender of face, and levels of hostile (but not benevolent) sexism, whereby participants with elevated levels of antipathy towards women reported the least positive perceptions of military leadership potential for women with masculine facial features. These findings underscore the importance of addressing hostile sexism in military training and leadership development programs to promote equality and inclusion.Item Metadata only Neuropsychological Deficits of a U.S. Army Pilot following an Anoxic Event as a Function of Cardiac Arrest(Military Medicine, 2003-09-01) Baggett, Mark R. ; Kelly, Mark P. ; Korenman, Lisa M. ; Ryan, Laurie M.Anoxic encephalopathy occurs as a result of cardiac arrest, respiratory distress, or carbon monoxide poisoning. This is a case report on the neuropsychological deficits of anoxia in an otherwise previously healthy 36-year-old male pilot. The patient was taking an over-the-counter supplement that included an herb called Ma Huang on the day of his cardiac arrest. Ma Huang is reported to potentially present an increased risk of cardiac infarctions and central nervous system dysfunctions. Several instances of death have been linked to Ma Huang. The patient produced a neuropsychological profile that evidenced impairments in executive functioning, memory, language, attention, intellectual and academic functioning, as well as motor speed and coordination, all of which are consistent with diffuse brain damage. This case adds to the body of literature documenting the physical and neuropsychological effects of anoxia, as well as the effects of ephedrine-based supplements, such as Ma Huang.Item Metadata only Regulatory focus and (un)ethical behavior within an organization.(Motivation Science, 2021-04) Cornwell, James F. M. ; Korenman, Lisa M.Research on regulatory focus and morality has largely focused on judgments or discrete behaviors in the laboratory, leaving the relationship between the promotion and prevention focus and actual long-term ethical and unethical behavior relatively unexamined. In our study, we explored the role of regulatory focus on desired and undesired behaviors in an ethically charged organizational context: the United States Military Academy. Specifically, we examined the relationship between regulatory focus and over two years of observed behavioral conduct. Across this time period, the promotion focus was associated with higher frequencies of observed ethical behavior, with no relationship to observed unethical behavior. In contrast, the prevention focus was associated with both higher levels of observed ethical behavior and lower levels of observed unethical behavior. The theoretical implications of these findings for regulatory focus and morality are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)